solar angle calculator excel

All other rights reserved. The “2-AXIS TRACKER” option is not affected by either the azimuth or tilt angles because this system always points the panels directly to the sun in both azimuth and elevation.At the right of this sheet, two tables are shown. The authors wish to express extreme gratitude for the assistance of the NMSU College of Engineering and Engineering NMTo find more resources for your business, home, or family, visit the College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences on the World Wide Web at Contents of publications may be freely reproduced for educational purposes. Insert all figures in decimal, eg 2 or 1.5.If your items are not listed on the form, select the nearest item available from the list. It also displays the local time at which solar noon occurs.

This calculator will help you to quickly work out how many large (60 cell) solar panels could fit onto a roofspace if the basic roof measurments (length x width) are known. This time must be entered in 24-hour format as well, and the local timevalue will be shown highlighted in yellow at the bottom of the sheet.Sun angles depend upon the day, time of day (solar time), and latitude location. For permission to use publications for other purposes, contact New Mexico State University is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer and educator. Finally, the optimal tilt angle (Σ) is the angle at which the solar panel needs to be set to collect the most energy from the sun. The hour angle (H) is the number of degrees the earth must rotate before the sun is directly over the local latitude. Feel free to write to us with any questions or comments at Webmaster. The local and solar times, as well as the date entered in the previous sheet, are shown in the box above the green cells as a reference. If the sun is directly overhead, the air mass number is 1, indicating one full atmosphere that the sunlight must pass through. angle between the sun and the local horizon directly be-neath the sun. For the most productivity, you’ll need to adjust by season. Solar angles are solely dependent upon the location (latitude and longitude) and time. Some cells have a red triangle in their top right corner. Two equations can be used to calculate the hour angle when various angles are know (not that δ changes from day to day and α and A change with time throughout the the day): (3.2) (3.3) Where: ω = the hour angle; α = the altitude angle; A Z = the solar azimuth angle; δ = the declination angle; φ = observer’s latitude. The “TILTED” option takes into consideration the azimuth and tilt angles. A drop-down menu will list the cell’s valid entries and allow you to just click on a menu entry. The “FLAT” option assumes a solar panel placed parallel to the ground (i.e., horizontal) and it is not affected by any of the previous entries. A map and a table located at the bottom-right of the sheet can be used as an aid to enter the time zone. Using the same method used to calculate the total daily insolation and the position and irradiance of the sun for any time of day, the sunrise and sunset times can also be calculated.

If the sun is low in the sky, the air mass number will be greater than 1 since the angle causes the sun to pass through more atmosphere, resulting in a loss of solar insolation. It is important to note that the system is designed using some average values. It also displays the local time at which solar noon occurs. This solar calculator is provided for research and entertainment purposes only. The green cells are where you can enter information. Similar to solar azimuth, the azimuth angle of the panel is its +/- angle relative to true south (0°). Thus, it is straightforward to calculate solar angles. Specific values may vary, and this spreadsheet should ONLY be used as an educational tool.The spreadsheet consists of different “sheets” or pages that are indexed via tabs at the very bottom of the spreadsheet window. The spreadsheet takes into consideration the information entered and the total insolation available to predict voltage, current, power, and efficiency values for that solar panel. Now you have gone through the process of determining solar angles, insolation, and time values, as well as the position of the sun at any time of day. The spreadsheet sums the insolation for each hour of the day and then adds all these values to get this final value. Solar irradiation reaches the earth in three different ways: direct, diffuse, and reflected radiation. The spreadsheet shows some intermediate calculations and displays the solar time highlighted in yellow. Begin by opening the spreadsheet and clicking on the The time entry cells allow you to input the local time, time zone, and whether Daylight Saving Time is active on the specified date. The air mass ratio (m) is how much atmosphere the solar radiation has to pass through to reach the earth’s surface. Using the entered values, the spreadsheet will calculate solar time, angles, and irradiation (i.e., sunlight intensity) in the corresponding sheets.

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