Wells is a professor at Iowa State University with a research interest in the integration of both cognitive psychology and social psychology and its interface with law. Sometimes, we can even build false recollections about people we only think we saw. Abstract.

So I figure I'll have a couple more so I can hear that." And in Chicago, all lineups in the Harrison Police District on the West Side are being done that way.Sheri Mecklenburg, coordinator for the pilot program and chief counsel to Chicago Police Supt. He said the grant is supporting work that examines composites sketches, or computer-produced sketches. "You can forgive a wrong that's done to yourself more than you can forgive yourself, albeit unintentional, for something that was done to someone else," she said.For his part, Avery never believed a jury would find him guilty. Gary L. Wells is an American psychologist and an internationally recognized scholar in eyewitness memory research. Eyewitness testimony. The department already was familiar with him because he was accused of running a sheriff deputy's wife off a road six months earlier.Just hours after the attack, Beerntsen looked at nine photographs laid out on her hospital bed. In cases where the perpetrator of the crime was a stranger to the eyewit­ ness, however, the reliability of the identification is often at issue. "That's one thing I miss. In cases where the eyewitness knew the suspect before the crime, issues of the reliability of memory are usually not contested.

many people who have not recognized the reliability problems that exist in current lineups.Three-fourths of prisoners who have been proven innocent by DNA tests were wrongly convicted by eyewitness lineups, he said.Wells said he hopes social sciences become more of an important part of criminal investigation. "The Willis case just makes crystal clear that when we have ways to improve this, we need to employ them," he said. Those scraping were tested in 1996 but came back inconclusive.While she was being examined at a hospital, Beerntsen recounted the attack to a sheriff's deputy, who thought the rapist's physical description sounded like Avery.

"When he grabbed me, two thoughts went through my head," she recalled.

"I just wanted the earth to open and swallow me.

Even after Manitowoc County sheriff's deputies barged into his home in Maribel, Wis., in the middle of the night and locked him in a cell, Avery thought the truth would protect him.But when the verdict was read and he found himself sentenced to 32 years in prison, Avery realized his life was forever altered. "I think the change is coming," Wolf said. Philip Cline, hopes to submit a report to the General Assembly on the findings from all three jurisdictions at the end of the year. "I think Iowa police departments are sort of ready to change," Wells said. Avery still can't distinguish his twin sons.For 18 years, an intense anger consumed him - anger at the sheriff's investigation that made him the prime suspect and at a judicial system that found him guilty even though so many people swore he wasn't at the beach the day of the attack.But when Avery left the Stanley Correctional Institution in Northwestern Wisconsin and ate barbecued ribs for the first time in almost two decades, that anger melted away, he said. A considerable amount is now known about how to lower the rate of mistaken identifications through the use of better procedures for conducting identification. Eyewitness testimony refers to verbal state­ ments from people regardi ng what they observed and can purportedly remember that would be relevant to issues of proof at a criminal or civil trial. by Jackie Swim, Daily Correspondent, February 07, 2005Wells has been studying police lineups for 30 years -- more than anyone in his field, and his studies have proven that the standard ways of eyewitness identification lineups are often ineffective. She picked Avery.A few days later, she picked him again, this time from a lineup of eight people.Beerntsen was so sure Avery was her attacker that when she saw him in court, the hair on the back of her neck stood on end and she began to shake, she recalled.After the Wisconsin Innocence Project took on Avery's case, a pubic hair, saved from the rape kit, was tested and matched Gregory Allen, whose information was on file because he was serving a 60-year sentence for a 1995 sexual assault.When Beerntsen learned the truth, she was devastated. "I was screwed," said Avery, who went to prison at age 23 and got out when he was 41.A high school dropout who had been laid off as a sheet-metal worker, Avery tried to keep up with the lives of his family, a wife, stepson and four children, the youngest twin boys born six days before his arrest.But his wife divorced him and only one of his daughters returned his letters. These DNA exoneration cases, along with previous analyses of wrongful convictions, poi nt to mistaken eyewitness testimony as the primary cause of the conviction of innocent people.This chapter was publised as Wells, G. L. (2002). "It's not just that [eyewitnesses] would make a mistake in identification, but it was not uncommon for them to do so with a lot of confidence," Wells said.Wells received the first grant for his studies in 1991 from the National Science Foundation.

Eyewitness identification is a specific type of eyewit­ ness testimony in which an eyewitness claims to rec­ ognize a specific person as one who committed a par­ ticular action. "Mistaken identification - which was a factor in more than 75 percent of the 155 DNA exonerations across the country since 1989, according the Although Chicago Tribune policy is not to name rape victims, Beerntsen has become an advocate for criminal justice reform and regularly shares her story with convicted criminals, politicians and the public.Beerntsen recalls leaving her husband and daughter on a bright July afternoon and taking a jog on a Manitowoc County beach halfway between Green Bay and Sheboygan. "Wells said there are still

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