Axial excitation confinement beyond the diffraction limit is crucial to the development of next-generation, super-resolution microscopy.

To date, very limited research has been done in the area of image enhancement and speckle reduction in OCT imaging.Image segmentation is another important step for feature extraction, image measurements, and image display.The basic physical principle of OCT is low coherence interferometry (LCI): an interferometer, mostly built in Michelson geometry, is illuminated with spectrally broad light, as depicted in For OCT the axial resolution is decoupled from the lateral one, which is determined by the spot-size of the focused light beam on the sample. Consider the configuration illustrated in Figure 9.9, where an ultrasonic transducer is placed over the ‘wire targets’ (i.e. The Olympus Microscopy Resource Center Microscopy Primer explores many of the aspects of visible light starting with an introduction to electromagnetic radiation and continuing through to human vision and the perception of color. Another factor that can contribute to decreased sample resolution is the optical sectioning rate. After the laser irradiation, the sample is subjected to a 150-min wet chemical etching in a solution of 10% HF diluted with water in an ultrasonic bath. [])) Magnification of Compound Microscope 2. Axial resolution artifacts occur when the imaging system is not capable of resolving two point reflectors in an axial direction and will be discussed here because of its importance in ultrasonic imaging techniques. Other parameters are chosen according to the above simulation. 244, Pt 2 2011, pp. In practice, the maximum resolution in Z (axial) that can be realized in a confocal microscope system is about 0.8µm; 2–3x worse than in the xy-dimension. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V.URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9781898563495500094URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128110188000084URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B978012133570050007XURL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123964878000124URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780444874504500618URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780126354904500172URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9781782420743000155URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780121335700500135URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B978081551545600020XComputing and Visualization for Intravascular Imaging and Computer-Assisted Stenting(This image is reproduced with publisher permission from Liu L, Gardecki JA, Nadkarni SK, Toussaint JD, Yagi Y, Bouma BE, et al. Confocal microscopy provides only a marginal improvement in both axial (z; along the optical axis) and lateral (x and y; in the specimen plane) optical resolution, but is able to exclude secondary fluorescence in areas removed from the focal plane from resulting images.

Axial resolution is achieved through a confocal pinhole that rejects emitted fluorescence from above and below the focal plane to eliminate out-of-focus light that would otherwise blur the image (Fig. Results.

The axial imaging resolution can be improved to roughly 100 nm by 4Pi and I 5 M microscopy (13–15). Wilson T: Resolution and optical sectioning in the confocal microscope. Tenfold improvement of axial resolution up to 50nm. In a light sheet microscope, lateral resolution is determined by the NA of the detection objective alone and axial resolution is additionally influenced by the intensity profile … Therefore, speckle removal and feature enhancement is a critical preprocessing step, which may improve human interpretation and the accuracy of computer-assisted procedures.

2 A; Pawley, 2006). Imaging the subcellular structure of human coronary atherosclerosis using micro-optical coherence tomography.

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